Secondary hypertension, also known as secondary high blood pressure, is high blood pressure that originates from an underlying medical condition. It is different from the common kind of high blood pressure, or essential hypertension that has no apparent cause and which is thought to be related to obesity, lack of exercise, bad eating habits and genetics. The causes of secondary hypertension are identifiable and often correctable. About 5-10% of all high blood pressure cases are caused by secondary hypertension.

Secondary hypertension tends to appear suddenly, because it is a symptom of a different condition. Conditions that have an effect on the endocrine system, the kidneys, heart or arteries can cause secondary hypertension. In women, pregnancy is also one of the common causes of secondary hypertension. Kidney diseases may include:

Disorders of the adrenal gland can include Cushing’s syndrome and over secretion of adrenaline.

The above conditions cause either a rise in the pressure exerted by the heart or a rise in the resistance exerted by the arteries, or even both. Usually, when the patient is treated for the underlying condition, the blood pressure returns to normal.